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Holly's Homestead — Subtropical Fruit Tree

Avocado

Persea americana · Laurel family
DIFFICULTY Moderate
TYPE Evergreen perennial tree
MATURITY 3–5 years to first fruit
Sun
Full sun, sheltered from wind
Water
Regular, well-drained — hates wet feet
Soil pH
6.0–6.5
Spacing
6–8m
Depth
as per pot, root flare at soil level

01Drainage is everything

Avocados are extremely sensitive to waterlogged soil — root rot is the number one killer. Plant slightly proud of grade on a mound if drainage is at all uncertain.

02Planting

Method
Plant with the root flare at or slightly above soil level, on a mound if drainage is marginal.
Soil
Free-draining above all else; moderately fertile.
Timing
Plant in spring in warm, frost-free zones.

03Growing care

  • Never let the tree sit in wet soil — err on the dry side over wet.
  • Mulch well beyond the drip line, kept clear of the trunk.
  • Stake and shelter young trees from wind — brittle branches snap easily.
  • Feed lightly with a citrus/avocado-specific fertiliser through the growing season.

04Problems

  • Root rot (Phytophthora) — the major risk; ensure sharp drainage above all else.
  • Wind damage — brittle wood; shelter and stake young trees.
  • Fruit drop — normal to a degree; heavy drop points to water stress or poor pollination.
  • Sunburn on bark — young trunks; wrap or paint with white tree paint.

05Harvest & storage

Signs
Fruit doesn't ripen on the tree — pick at mature size then ripen off the tree over several days.
Method
Cut with a short stem attached, don't pull.
Curing
Ripen at room temperature, faster next to a banana.
Storage
Ripe fruit in the fridge a few days once soft.

06Companions & rotation

Plant nearby
Native groundcoversComfrey
Avoid nearby
Dense underplanting near the trunk
Rotation note
Not applicable — long-lived perennial tree.